2 H2O (l) + 2 P (s) + 2 HIO3 (aq) → I2 (s) + 2 H3PO4 (aq)

This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction:

2 P0 - 10 e- → 2 PV (oxidation)

2 IV + 10 e- → 2 I0 (reduction)

P is a reducing agent, HIO3 is an oxidizing agent.

Reactants:

  • H2O – Water, oxidane source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27
    • Other names: Water (H2O) source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27, Hydrogen hydroxide (HH or HOH) source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27, Hydrogen oxide source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27
    • Appearance: White crystalline solid, almost colorless liquid with a hint of blue, colorless gas source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27
  • P
    • HIO3
      • Names: Iodic acid source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27source: wikidata, accessed: 2019-09-02, Iodic(V) acid source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27, [IO2(OH)] source: wikidata, accessed: 2019-09-02
      • Appearance: White solid source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27

    Products:

    • I2
      • Names: Iodine source: ICSC, accessed: 2019-09-04source: NIOSH NPG, accessed: 2019-09-02, Jod source: ICSC, accessed: 2019-09-04, Iode source: ICSC, accessed: 2019-09-04
      • Appearance: Bluish black or dark purple crystals with pungent odour source: ICSC, accessed: 2019-09-04; Violet solid with a sharp, characteristic odor. source: NIOSH NPG, accessed: 2019-09-02
    • H3PO4
      • Names: Phosphoric acid source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27source: wikidata, accessed: 2019-09-02source: ICSC, accessed: 2019-09-04source: NIOSH NPG, accessed: 2019-09-02, Orthophosphoric acid source: wikidata, accessed: 2019-09-02source: ICSC, accessed: 2019-09-04source: NIOSH NPG, accessed: 2019-09-02, Phosphoric(V) acid source: wikidata, accessed: 2019-09-02
      • Appearance: Hygroscopic colourless crystals source: ICSC, accessed: 2019-09-04; Thick, colorless, odorless, crystalline solid. [Note: Often used in an aqueous solution.] source: NIOSH NPG, accessed: 2019-09-02