3 P (s) + 5 HNO3 (aq) + 2 H2O (l) → 3 H3PO4 (aq) + 5 NO (g)

This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction:

3 P0 - 15 e- → 3 PV (oxidation)

5 NV + 15 e- → 5 NII (reduction)

P is a reducing agent, HNO3 is an oxidizing agent.

Reactants:

  • P
    • HNO3 – Nitric acid source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27source: wikidata, accessed: 2019-09-02source: NIOSH NPG, accessed: 2019-09-02
      • Other names: Aqua fortis source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27source: wikidata, accessed: 2019-09-02source: NIOSH NPG, accessed: 2019-09-02, Spirit of niter source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27source: wikidata, accessed: 2019-09-02, Eau forte source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27
      • Appearance: Colorless, yellow or red fuming liquid source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27; Colourless-to-yellow liquid with pungent odour source: ICSC, accessed: 2019-09-04; Colorless, yellow, or red, fuming liquid with an acrid, suffocating odor. [Note: Often used in an aqueous solution. Fuming nitric acid is concentrated nitric acid that contains dissolved nitrogen dioxide.] source: NIOSH NPG, accessed: 2019-09-02
    • H2O – Water, oxidane source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27
      • Other names: Water (H2O) source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27, Hydrogen hydroxide (HH or HOH) source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27, Hydrogen oxide source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27
      • Appearance: White crystalline solid, almost colorless liquid with a hint of blue, colorless gas source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27

    Products:

    • H3PO4
      • Names: Phosphoric acid source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27source: wikidata, accessed: 2019-09-02source: ICSC, accessed: 2019-09-04source: NIOSH NPG, accessed: 2019-09-02, Orthophosphoric acid source: wikidata, accessed: 2019-09-02source: ICSC, accessed: 2019-09-04source: NIOSH NPG, accessed: 2019-09-02, Phosphoric(V) acid source: wikidata, accessed: 2019-09-02
      • Appearance: Hygroscopic colourless crystals source: ICSC, accessed: 2019-09-04; Thick, colorless, odorless, crystalline solid. [Note: Often used in an aqueous solution.] source: NIOSH NPG, accessed: 2019-09-02
    • NO – Nitrogen monoxide source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27source: wikidata, accessed: 2019-09-02source: NIOSH NPG, accessed: 2019-09-02, Oxidonitrogen(•) (additive) source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27
      • Other names: Nitric oxide source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27source: ICSC, accessed: 2019-09-04source: NIOSH NPG, accessed: 2019-09-02source: wikidata, accessed: 2019-09-02, Nitrogen(II) oxide source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27, Nitric oxide (radical) source: wikidata, accessed: 2019-09-02
      • Appearance: Colourless gas source: wikipedia, accessed: 2019-09-27; Colourless compressed gas source: ICSC, accessed: 2019-09-04; Colorless gas. [Note: Shipped as a nonliquefied compressed gas.] source: NIOSH NPG, accessed: 2019-09-02