C₆H₅NO₂ + 3 Fe + 7 HCl → C₆H₅NH₃Cl + 3 FeCl₂ + 2 H₂O

This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction:

C₆H₅NO₂ is an oxidizing agent, Fe is a reducing agent.

Reactants:

• C₆H₅NO₂
  • Names: Nitrobenzene , Essence of mirbane , Nitrobenzol , Oil of mirbane
  • Appearance: Pale yellow oily liquid with characteristic odour ; Yellow, oily liquid with a pungent odor like paste shoe polish. [Note: A solid below 42°F.]
• Fe
  • Names: Iron , Fe , Element 26 ... show moreFer , 26Fe , Eisen , Ferrum , Hierro , Carbonyl iron , Electrolytic iron , Ferrum metallicum , Iron powder , Iron, carbonyl , Iron, electrolytic , Iron, elemental , Iron, reduced , Reduced iron show less
• HCl – Chlorane , Hydrogen chloride
  • Other names: Hydrochloric acid , Hydrochloric acid gas , HCl ... show moreAnhydrous hydrogen chloride , Hydrochloric acid, anhydrous , Aqueous hydrogen chloride , [Note: Often used in an aqueous solution.] show less
  • Appearance: Colorless, transparent liquid, fumes in air if concentrated ; Colorless gas ; Colourless compressed liquefied gas with pungent odour ; Colorless to slightly yellow gas with a pungent, irritating odor. [Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.]

Products:

• C₆H₅NH₃Cl
• FeCl₂ – Iron(II) chloride , Iron dichloride
  • Other names: Ferrous chloride , Rokühnite , [FeCl3] , FeCl3
  • Appearance: Tan solid (anhydrous) | Pale green solid (di-tetrahydrate) ; White-to-light-green hygroscopic crystals
• H₂O – Water, oxidane
  • Other names: Water (H2O) , Hydrogen hydroxide (HH or HOH) , Hydrogen oxide ... show moreDihydrogen monoxide (DHMO) (systematic name) , Hydrogen monoxide , Dihydrogen oxide , Hydric acid , Hydrohydroxic acid , Hydroxic acid , Hydrol , Μ-oxido dihydrogen , Κ1-hydroxyl hydrogen(0) show less
  • Appearance: White crystalline solid, almost colorless liquid with a hint of blue, colorless gas